Events

Pre-1600

* 98 – On the death of Nerva,

Trajan Trajan ( ; la, Caesar Nerva Traianus; 18 September 539/11 August 117) was Roman emperor from 98 to 117. Officially declared ''optimus princeps'' ("best ruler") by the senate, Trajan is remembered as a successful soldier-emperor who presi ...

is declared Roman emperor in

Cologne Cologne ( ; german: Köln ; ksh, Kölle ) is the largest city of the German western States of Germany, state of North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW) and the List of cities in Germany by population, fourth-most populous city of Germany with 1.1 m ...

, the seat of his government in lower Germany. *

814 __NOTOC__ Year 814 ( DCCCXIV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Byzantine Empire * April 13 – Byzantine–Bulgarian Wars: Over the winter Krum, rul ...

– The death of

Charlemagne Charlemagne ( , ) or Charles the Great ( la, Carolus Magnus; german: Karl der Große; 2 April 747 – 28 January 814), a member of the Carolingian dynasty, was King of the Franks from 768, King of the Lombards from 774, and the first Holy ...

, the first Holy Roman Emperor, brings about the accession of his son

Louis the Pious Louis the Pious (german: Ludwig der Fromme; french: Louis le Pieux; 16 April 778 – 20 June 840), also called the Fair, and the Debonaire, was King of the Franks and co-emperor with his father, Charlemagne, from 813. He was also King of Aqui ...

as ruler of the

Frankish Empire Francia, also called the Kingdom of the Franks ( la, Regnum Francorum), Frankish Kingdom, Frankland or Frankish Empire ( la, Imperium Francorum), was the largest post-Roman barbarian kingdom in Western Europe. It was ruled by the Franks du ...

. * 1069 –

Robert de Comines Robert de Comines (died 28 January 1069) (also Robert de Comines, Robert de Comyn) was very briefly Earl of Northumbria. Life His name suggests that he originally came from Comines, then in the County of Flanders, and entered the following of W ...

, appointed

Earl of Northumbria Earl of Northumbria or Ealdorman of Northumbria was a title in the late Anglo-Saxon, Anglo-Scandinavian and early Anglo-Norman period in England. The ealdordom was a successor of the Norse Kingdom of York. In the seventh century, the Anglo-Saxo ...

William the Conqueror William I; ang, WillelmI (Bates ''William the Conqueror'' p. 33– 9 September 1087), usually known as William the Conqueror and sometimes William the Bastard, was the first House of Normandy, Norman List of English monarchs#House of Norman ...

, rides into Durham, England, where he is defeated and killed by rebels. This incident leads to the Harrying of the North. * 1077 –

Walk to Canossa The Humiliation of Canossa ( it, L'umiliazione di Canossa), sometimes called the Walk to Canossa (german: Gang nach Canossa/''Kanossa'') or the Road to Canossa, was the ritual submission of the Holy Roman Emperor, Henry IV to Pope Gregory VII ...

: The

excommunication Excommunication is an institutional act of religious censure used to end or at least regulate the communion of a member of a congregation with other members of the religious institution who are in normal communion with each other. The purpose ...

Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV (german: Heinrich IV; 11 November 1050 – 7 August 1106) was Holy Roman Emperor from 1084 to 1105, King of Germany from 1054 to 1105, King of Italy and Burgundy from 1056 to 1105, and Duke of Bavaria from 1052 to 1054. He was the so ...

, is lifted after he humbles himself before Pope Gregory VII at Canossa in Italy. * 1521 – The Diet of Worms begins, lasting until

May 25 Events Pre-1600 * 567 BC – Servius Tullius, the king of Rome, celebrates a triumph for his victory over the Etruscans. *240 BC – First recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet. * 1085 – Alfonso VI of Castile takes Tol ...

. * 1547 –

Edward VI Edward VI (12 October 1537 – 6 July 1553) was King of England and Ireland from 28 January 1547 until his death in 1553. He was crowned on 20 February 1547 at the age of nine. Edward was the son of Henry VIII and Jane Seymour and the first E ...

, the nine-year-old son of Henry VIII, becomes King of England on his father's death. *

1568 Year 1568 ( MDLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–June * January 6– 13 – In the Eastern Hungarian Kingdom, the delegates of Unio Tr ...

– The

Edict of Torda The Edict of Torda ( hu, tordai ediktum, ro, Edictul de la Turda, german: Edikt von Torda) was a decree that authorized local communities to freely elect their preachers in the Eastern Hungarian Kingdom of John Sigismund Zápolya. The delegates ...

prohibits the persecution of individuals on religious grounds in

John Sigismund Zápolya John Sigismund Zápolya or Szapolyai ( hu, Szapolyai János Zsigmond; 7 July 1540 – 14 March 1571) was King of Hungary as John II from 1540 to 1551 and from 1556 to 1570, and the first Prince of Transylvania, from 1570 to his death. He was ...

's Eastern Hungarian Kingdom. *

1573 Year 1573 ( MDLXXIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–June * January 25 – Battle of Mikatagahara in Japan: Takeda Shingen defeats Tokugaw ...

– Articles of the

Warsaw Confederation The Warsaw Confederation, signed on 28 January 1573 by the Polish national assembly (''sejm konwokacyjny'') in Warsaw, was one of the first European acts granting religious freedoms. It was an important development in the history of Poland and o ...

are signed, sanctioning

freedom of religion Freedom of religion or religious liberty is a principle that supports the freedom of an individual or community, in public or private, to manifest religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship, and observance. It also includes the freedom ...

in Poland. * 1591 – Execution of Agnes Sampson, accused of

witchcraft Witchcraft traditionally means the use of magic or supernatural powers to harm others. A practitioner is a witch. In medieval and early modern Europe, where the term originated, accused witches were usually women who were believed to have ...

in Edinburgh.

1601–1900

* 1624 – Sir Thomas Warner founds the first British colony in the Caribbean, on the island of

Saint Kitts Saint Kitts, officially the Saint Christopher Island, is an island in the West Indies. The west side of the island borders the Caribbean Sea, and the eastern coast faces the Atlantic Ocean. Saint Kitts and the neighbouring island of Nevis cons ...

. * 1671 – Original city of

Panama Panama ( , ; es, link=no, Panamá ), officially the Republic of Panama ( es, República de Panamá), is a transcontinental country spanning the southern part of North America and the northern part of South America. It is bordered by Cos ...

(founded in 1519) is destroyed by a fire when privateer

Henry Morgan Sir Henry Morgan ( cy, Harri Morgan; – 25 August 1688) was a privateer, plantation owner, and, later, Lieutenant Governor of Jamaica. From his base in Port Royal, Jamaica, he raided settlements and shipping on the Spanish Main, becoming wea ...

sacks and sets fire to it. The site of the previously devastated city is still in ruins (see

Panama Viejo Panama ( , ; es, link=no, Panamá ), officially the Republic of Panama ( es, República de Panamá), is a transcontinental country spanning the southern part of North America and the northern part of South America. It is bordered by Cost ...

). * 1724 – The

Russian Academy of Sciences The Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS; russian: Росси́йская акаде́мия нау́к (РАН) ''Rossíyskaya akadémiya naúk'') consists of the national academy of Russia; a network of scientific research institutes from across ...

is founded in

St. Petersburg Saint Petersburg ( rus, links=no, Санкт-Петербург, a=Ru-Sankt Peterburg Leningrad Petrograd Piter.ogg, r=Sankt-Peterburg, p=ˈsankt pʲɪtʲɪrˈburk), formerly known as Petrograd (1914–1924) and later Leningrad (1924–1991), i ...

, Russia, by

Peter the Great Peter I ( – ), most commonly known as Peter the Great,) or Pyotr Alekséyevich ( rus, Пётр Алексе́евич, p=ˈpʲɵtr ɐlʲɪˈksʲejɪvʲɪtɕ, , group=pron was a Russian monarch who ruled the Tsardom of Russia from t ...

, and implemented by Senate decree. It is called the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences until 1917. * 1754 – Sir Horace Walpole coins the word '' serendipity'' in a letter to a friend. * 1813 –

Jane Austen Jane Austen (; 16 December 1775 – 18 July 1817) was an English novelist known primarily for her six major novels, which interpret, critique, and comment upon the British landed gentry at the end of the 18th century. Austen's plots of ...

's '' Pride and Prejudice'' is first published in the

United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Europe, off the north-western coast of the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotland, Wales and North ...

. * 1846 – The

Battle of Aliwal The Battle of Aliwal was fought on 28 January 1846 between the British and Sikh forces in northern India (now Punjab). The British were led by Sir Harry Smith,Smith, Sir Harry. ‘'The Autobiography of Lieutenant-General Sir Harry Smith Bar ...

India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...

, is won by British troops commanded by

Sir Harry Smith Lieutenant-General Sir Henry George Wakelyn Smith, 1st Baronet, GCB (28 June 1787 – 12 October 1860) was a notable English soldier and military commander in the British Army of the early 19th century. A veteran of the Napoleonic Wars, he is a ...

. * 1851 –

Northwestern University Northwestern University is a private research university in Evanston, Illinois. Founded in 1851, Northwestern is the oldest chartered university in Illinois and is ranked among the most prestigious academic institutions in the world. Charte ...

becomes the first chartered university in

Illinois Illinois ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern United States. Its largest metropolitan areas include the Chicago metropolitan area, and the Metro East section, of Greater St. Louis. Other smaller metropolita ...

. * 1855 – A locomotive on the

Panama Canal Railway The Panama Canal Railway ( es, Ferrocarril de Panamá) is a railway line linking the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean in Central America. The route stretches across the Isthmus of Panama from Colón (Atlantic) to Balboa (Pacific, near P ...

runs from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean for the first time. * 1871 – Franco-Prussian War: The Siege of Paris ends in French defeat and an armistice. * 1878 – '' Yale Daily News'' becomes the first independent daily

college newspaper A student publication is a media outlet such as a newspaper, magazine, television show, or radio station produced by students at an educational institution. These publications typically cover local and school-related news, but they may also repor ...

in the

United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territorie ...

. * 1896 – Walter Arnold of

East Peckham East Peckham is a village and civil parish in Kent, England on the River Medway. The parish covers the main village as well as Hale Street and Beltring. History The Domesday entry for East and West Peckham reads:- :'' The Archbishop himself ...

, Kent, becomes the first person to be convicted of

speeding Speed limits on road traffic, as used in most countries, set the legal maximum speed at which vehicles may travel on a given stretch of road. Speed limits are generally indicated on a traffic sign reflecting the maximum permitted speed - expres ...

. He was fined one shilling, plus costs, for speeding at , thereby exceeding the contemporary speed limit of .

1901–present

* 1902 – The

Carnegie Institution of Washington The Carnegie Institution of Washington (the organization's legal name), known also for public purposes as the Carnegie Institution for Science (CIS), is an organization in the United States established to fund and perform scientific research. Th ...

is founded in Washington, D.C. with a $10 million gift from

Andrew Carnegie Andrew Carnegie (, ; November 25, 1835August 11, 1919) was a Scottish-American industrialist and philanthropist. Carnegie led the expansion of the American steel industry in the late 19th century and became one of the richest Americans i ...

. * 1908 – Members of the

Portuguese Republican Party The Portuguese Republican Party (, ) was a Portuguese political party formed during the late years of the constitutional monarchy that proposed and conducted the substitution of the monarchy with the Portuguese First Republic.attempted coup d'état against the administrative dictatorship of Prime Minister

João Franco João Franco Ferreira Pinto Castelo-Branco, GCTE (; (14 February 1855 in Alcaide, Fundão – 4 April 1929 in Anadia) was a Portuguese politician, minister, 43rd Minister for Treasury Affairs (14 January 1890) and 47th Prime Minister (19 ...

. * 1909 – United States troops leave

Cuba Cuba ( , ), officially the Republic of Cuba ( es, República de Cuba, links=no ), is an island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos. Cuba is located where the northern Caribbea ...

, with the exception of

Guantanamo Bay Naval Base Guantanamo Bay Naval Base ( es, Base Naval de la Bahía de Guantánamo), officially known as Naval Station Guantanamo Bay or NSGB, (also called GTMO, pronounced Gitmo as jargon by members of the U.S. military) is a United States military bas ...

, after being there since the

Spanish–American War , partof = the Philippine Revolution, the decolonization of the Americas, and the Cuban War of Independence , image = Collage infobox for Spanish-American War.jpg , image_size = 300px , caption = (clock ...

. * 1915 – An act of the

U.S. Congress The United States Congress is the legislature of the federal government of the United States. It is bicameral, composed of a lower body, the House of Representatives, and an upper body, the Senate. It meets in the U.S. Capitol in Washin ...

creates the

United States Coast Guard The United States Coast Guard (USCG) is the maritime security, search and rescue, and law enforcement service branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the country's eight uniformed services. The service is a maritime, military, mult ...

as a branch of the United States Armed Forces. * 1916 – The Canadian province of

Manitoba Manitoba ( ) is a Provinces and territories of Canada, province of Canada at the Centre of Canada, longitudinal centre of the country. It is Canada's Population of Canada by province and territory, fifth-most populous province, with a population o ...

grants women the right to vote and run for office in provincial elections (although still excluding women of Indigenous or Asian heritage), marking the first time women in Canada are granted voting rights. * 1918 –

Finnish Civil War The Finnish Civil War; . Other designations: Brethren War, Citizen War, Class War, Freedom War, Red Rebellion and Revolution, . According to 1,005 interviews done by the newspaper ''Aamulehti'', the most popular names were as follows: Civil W ...

: The Red Guard rebels seize control of the capital,

Helsinki Helsinki ( or ; ; sv, Helsingfors, ) is the Capital city, capital, primate city, primate, and List of cities and towns in Finland, most populous city of Finland. Located on the shore of the Gulf of Finland, it is the seat of the region of U ...

; members of the Senate of Finland go underground. * 1919 – The

Order of the White Rose of Finland The Order of the White Rose of Finland ( fi, Suomen Valkoisen Ruusun ritarikunta; sv, Finlands Vita Ros’ orden) is one of three official orders in Finland, along with the Order of the Cross of Liberty, and the Order of the Lion of Finland. ...

is established by Baron

Gustaf Mannerheim Baron Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim (, ; 4 June 1867 – 27 January 1951) was a Finnish military leader and statesman. He served as the military leader of the Whites in the Finnish Civil War of 1918, as Regent of Finland (1918–1919), as comma ...

, the

regent A regent (from Latin : ruling, governing) is a person appointed to govern a state '' pro tempore'' (Latin: 'for the time being') because the monarch is a minor, absent, incapacitated or unable to discharge the powers and duties of the monarchy ...

of the Kingdom of Finland. * 1920 – Foundation of the

Spanish Legion For centuries, Spain recruited foreign soldiers to its army, forming the Foreign Regiments () - such as the Regiment of Hibernia (formed in 1709 from Irishmen who fled their own country in the wake of the Flight of the Earls and the pena ...

. * 1922 – Knickerbocker Storm: Washington, D.C.'s biggest snowfall, causes a disaster when the roof of the Knickerbocker Theatre collapses, killing over 100 people. * 1932 – Japanese forces attack Shanghai. * 1933 – The name

Pakistan Pakistan ( ur, ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan ( ur, , label=none), is a country in South Asia. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, fifth-most populous country, with a population of almost 24 ...

is coined by Choudhry Rahmat Ali Khan and is accepted by

Indian Muslims Islam is India's second-largest religion, with 14.2% of the country's population, approximately 172.2 million people identifying as adherents of Islam in 2011 Census. India is also the country with the second or third largest number of Muslim ...

who then thereby adopted it further for the

Pakistan Movement The Pakistan Movement ( ur, , translit=Teḥrīk-e-Pākistān) was a political movement in the first half of the 20th century that aimed for the creation of Pakistan from the Muslim-majority areas of British India. It was connected to the per ...

seeking independence. * 1935 –

Iceland Iceland ( is, Ísland; ) is a Nordic island country in the North Atlantic Ocean and in the Arctic Ocean. Iceland is the most sparsely populated country in Europe. Iceland's capital and largest city is Reykjavík, which (along with its s ...

becomes the first Western country to legalize therapeutic

abortion Abortion is the termination of a pregnancy by removal or expulsion of an embryo or fetus. An abortion that occurs without intervention is known as a miscarriage or "spontaneous abortion"; these occur in approximately 30% to 40% of pregn ...

. * 1938 – The

World Land Speed Record The land speed record (or absolute land speed record) is the highest speed achieved by a person using a vehicle on land. There is no single body for validation and regulation; in practice the Category C ("Special Vehicles") flying start regula ...

on a

public road A highway is any public or private road or other public way on land. It is used for major roads, but also includes other public roads and public tracks. In some areas of the United States, it is used as an equivalent term to controlled-access ...

is broken by

Rudolf Caracciola Otto Wilhelm Rudolf CaracciolaBolsinger and Becker (2002), p. 63 (30 January 1901 – 28 September 1959) was a racing driver from Remagen, Germany. He won the European Drivers' Championship, the pre-1950 equivalent of the modern Formula One Wo ...

in the

Mercedes-Benz W125 Rekordwagen The Mercedes-Benz W125 Rekordwagen was an experimental, high-speed automobile produced in the late 1930s. The streamlined car was derived from the 1937 open-wheel race car Mercedes-Benz W125 Formel-Rennwagen, of which also a streamlined version ...

at a speed of . *

1941 Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January–August – 10,072 men, women and children with mental and physical disabilities are asphyxiated with carbon monoxide in a gas chamber, at Hadamar Eu ...

–

Franco-Thai War The Franco-Thai War (October 1940 – January 28, 1941, th, กรณีพิพาทอินโดจีน, Krṇī phiphāth xindocīn; french: Guerre franco-thaïlandaise) was fought between History of Thailand (1932–1973), Thailand an ...

: Final air battle of the conflict. A Japanese-mediated

armistice An armistice is a formal agreement of warring parties to stop fighting. It is not necessarily the end of a war, as it may constitute only a cessation of hostilities while an attempt is made to negotiate a lasting peace. It is derived from the ...

goes into effect later in the day. * 1945 –

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

: Supplies begin to reach the Republic of China over the newly reopened

Burma Road The Burma Road () was a road linking Burma (now known as Myanmar) with southwest China. Its terminals were Kunming, Yunnan, and Lashio, Burma. It was built while Burma was a British colony to convey supplies to China during the Second Sino ...

. * 1956 –

Elvis Presley Elvis Aaron Presley (January 8, 1935 – August 16, 1977), or simply Elvis, was an American singer and actor. Dubbed the "Honorific nicknames in popular music, King of Rock and Roll", he is regarded as Cultural impact of Elvis Presley, one ...

makes his first national television appearance. * 1958 – The Lego company patents the design of its Lego bricks, still compatible with bricks produced today. * 1960 – The

National Football League The National Football League (NFL) is a professional American football league that consists of 32 teams, divided equally between the American Football Conference (AFC) and the National Football Conference (NFC). The NFL is one of the ...

announces expansion teams for

Dallas Dallas () is the List of municipalities in Texas, third largest city in Texas and the largest city in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, the List of metropolitan statistical areas, fourth-largest metropolitan area in the United States at 7.5 ...

to start in the 1960 NFL season and Minneapolis-St. Paul for the 1961 NFL season. * 1964 – An unarmed

United States Air Force The United States Air Force (USAF) is the Aerial warfare, air military branch, service branch of the United States Armed Forces, and is one of the eight uniformed services of the United States. Originally created on 1 August 1907, as a part ...

T-39 Sabreliner The North American Sabreliner, later sold as the Rockwell Sabreliner, is an American mid-sized business jet developed by North American Aviation. It was offered to the United States Air Force (USAF) in response to its Utility Trainer Experimen ...

on a training mission is shot down over

Erfurt Erfurt () is the capital and largest city in the Central German state of Thuringia. It is located in the wide valley of the Gera river (progression: ), in the southern part of the Thuringian Basin, north of the Thuringian Forest. It sits i ...

East Germany East Germany, officially the German Democratic Republic (GDR; german: Deutsche Demokratische Republik, , DDR, ), was a country that existed from its creation on 7 October 1949 until its dissolution on 3 October 1990. In these years the state ...

, by a

Soviet The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nation ...

MiG-19 The Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-19 (russian: Микоян и Гуревич МиГ-19; NATO reporting name: Farmer) is a Soviet second generation, single-seat, twinjet fighter aircraft, the world's first mass-produced supersonic aircraft. It was the ...

. * 1965 – The current design of the

Flag of Canada The national flag of Canada (french: le Drapeau national du Canada), often simply referred to as the Canadian flag or, unofficially, as the Maple Leaf or ' (; ), consists of a red field with a white square at its centre in the ratio of , in ...

is chosen by an act of

Parliament In modern politics, and history, a parliament is a legislative body of government. Generally, a modern parliament has three functions: representing the electorate, making laws, and overseeing the government via hearings and inquiries. Th ...

. * 1977 – The first day of the Great Lakes Blizzard of 1977, which dumps of snow in one day in

Upstate New York Upstate New York is a geographic region consisting of the area of New York State that lies north and northwest of the New York City metropolitan area. Although the precise boundary is debated, Upstate New York excludes New York City and Long Is ...

. Buffalo, Syracuse,

Watertown Watertown may refer to: Places in China In China, a water town is a type of ancient scenic town known for its waterways. Places in the United States *Watertown, Connecticut, a New England town **Watertown (CDP), Connecticut, the central village ...

, and surrounding areas are most affected. * 1980 – collides with the tanker ''Capricorn'' while leaving

Tampa, Florida Tampa () is a city on the Gulf Coast of the United States, Gulf Coast of the U.S. state of Florida. The city's borders include the north shore of Tampa Bay and the east shore of Old Tampa Bay. Tampa is the largest city in the Tampa Bay area and ...

and capsizes, killing 23 Coast Guard crewmembers. * 1981 –

Ronald Reagan Ronald Wilson Reagan ( ; February 6, 1911June 5, 2004) was an American politician, actor, and union leader who served as the 40th president of the United States from 1981 to 1989. He also served as the 33rd governor of California from 1967 ...

lifts remaining domestic petroleum price and allocation controls in the United States, helping to end the 1979 energy crisis and begin the 1980s oil glut. * 1982 –

US Army The United States Army (USA) is the land service branch of the United States Armed Forces. It is one of the eight U.S. uniformed services, and is designated as the Army of the United States in the U.S. Constitution.Article II, section 2, cla ...

general

James L. Dozier James Lee Dozier (born April 10, 1931) is a retired United States Army officer. In December 1981, he was kidnapped by the Italian Red Brigades Marxist guerilla group. He was rescued by NOCS, an Italian special force, with assistance from the In ...

is rescued by Italian anti-

terrorism Terrorism, in its broadest sense, is the use of criminal violence to provoke a state of terror or fear, mostly with the intention to achieve political or religious aims. The term is used in this regard primarily to refer to intentional violen ...

forces from captivity by the

Red Brigades The Red Brigades ( it, Brigate Rosse , often abbreviated BR) was a far-left Marxist–Leninist armed organization operating as a terrorist and guerrilla group based in Italy responsible for numerous violent incidents, including the abduction ...

. * 1984 –

Tropical Storm Domoina Severe Tropical Storm Domoina in 1984 caused 100-year floods in South Africa and record rainfall in Swaziland. The fourth named storm of the season, Domoina developed on January 16 off the northeast coast of Madagascar. With a ridge to t ...

makes landfall in southern

Mozambique Mozambique (), officially the Republic of Mozambique ( pt, Moçambique or , ; ny, Mozambiki; sw, Msumbiji; ts, Muzambhiki), is a country located in southeastern Africa bordered by the Indian Ocean to the east, Tanzania to the north, Malawi ...

, eventually causing 214 deaths and some of the most severe flooding so far recorded in the region. * 1985 – Supergroup

USA for Africa United Support of Artists for Africa (USA for Africa) was the name under which 47 predominantly U.S. The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily locat ...

(United Support of Artists for Africa) records the hit single ''

We Are the World "We Are the World" is a charity single originally recorded by the supergroup USA for Africa in 1985. It was written by Michael Jackson and Lionel Richie and produced by Quincy Jones and Michael Omartian for the album '' We Are the World''. Wi ...

'', to help raise funds for

Ethiopia Ethiopia, , om, Itiyoophiyaa, so, Itoobiya, ti, ኢትዮጵያ, Ítiyop'iya, aa, Itiyoppiya officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country in the Horn of Africa. It shares borders with Eritrea to the ...

n famine relief. * 1986 –

Space Shuttle program The Space Shuttle program was the fourth human spaceflight program carried out by the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which accomplished routine transportation for Earth-to-orbit crew and cargo from 1981 to 2011. Its ...

STS-51-L STS-51-L was the 25th mission of the NASA Space Shuttle program and the final flight of Space Shuttle ''Challenger''. Planned as the first Teacher in Space Project flight in addition to observing Halley's Comet for six days and performing a ...

mission: Space Shuttle ''Challenger'' disintegrates after liftoff, killing all seven astronauts on board. * 1988 – In ''

R v Morgentaler ''R v Morgentaler'', 9881 SCR 30 was a decision of the Supreme Court of Canada which held that the abortion provision in the ''Criminal Code'' was unconstitutional because it violated women's rights under section 7 of the ''Canadian Charter of R ...

'' the Supreme Court of Canada strikes down all anti-

abortion law Abortion laws vary widely among countries and territories, and have changed over time. Such laws range from abortion being freely available on request, to regulation or restrictions of various kinds, to outright prohibition in all circumstances ...

s. * 2002 – TAME Flight 120, a

Boeing 727 The Boeing 727 is an American narrow-body airliner that was developed and produced by Boeing Commercial Airplanes. After the heavy 707 quad-jet was introduced in 1958, Boeing addressed the demand for shorter flight lengths from smaller airpo ...

-100, crashes in the

Andes The Andes, Andes Mountains or Andean Mountains (; ) are the longest continental mountain range in the world, forming a continuous highland along the western edge of South America. The range is long, wide (widest between 18°S – 20°S ...

mountains in southern

Colombia Colombia (, ; ), officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country in South America with insular regions in North America—near Nicaragua's Caribbean coast—as well as in the Pacific Ocean. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Car ...

, killing 94. * 2006 – The roof of one of the buildings at the

Katowice International Fair Katowice International Fair ( pl, Międzynarodowe Targi Katowickie, MTK) was an international trade fair in Katowice and one of the largest in Poland (the largest being the Poznań International Fair). A few dozen events were organized there each ...

in Poland collapses due to the weight of snow, killing 65 and injuring more than 170 others. * 2021 – A nitrogen leak at a poultry food processing facility in Gainesville, Georgia kills six and injures at least ten.

Births

Pre-1600

* 598 – Tai Zong, emperor of the

Tang Dynasty The Tang dynasty (, ; zh, t= ), or Tang Empire, was an imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 618 to 907 AD, with an interregnum between 690 and 705. It was preceded by the Sui dynasty and followed by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdom ...

(d. 649) * 1312 – Joan II, queen of Navarre (d. 1349) * 1368 – Razadarit, king of Hanthawaddy (d. 1421) * 1457 – Henry VII, king of England (d. 1509) * 1533 – Paul Luther, German scientist (d. 1593) * 1540 –

Ludolph van Ceulen Ludolph van Ceulen (, ; 28 January 1540 – 31 December 1610) was a German-Dutch mathematician from Hildesheim. He emigrated to the Netherlands. Biography Van Ceulen moved to Delft most likely in 1576 to teach fencing and mathematics and in 159 ...

, German-Dutch mathematician and academic (d. 1610) * 1582 – John Barclay, French-Scottish poet and author (d. 1621) * 1600 –

Clement IX Pope Clement IX ( la, Clemens IX; it, Clemente IX; 28 January 1600 – 9 December 1669), born Giulio Rospigliosi, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 20 June 1667 to his death in December 1669. Biography Ear ...

, pope of the Catholic Church (d. 1669)

1601–1900

* 1608 –

Giovanni Alfonso Borelli Giovanni Alfonso Borelli (; 28 January 1608 – 31 December 1679) was a Renaissance Italian physiologist, physicist, and mathematician. He contributed to the modern principle of scientific investigation by continuing Galileo's practice of testin ...

, Italian physiologist and physicist (d. 1679) * 1611 –

Johannes Hevelius Johannes Hevelius Some sources refer to Hevelius as Polish: * * * * * * * Some sources refer to Hevelius as German: * * * * *of the Royal Society * (in German also known as ''Hevel''; pl, Jan Heweliusz; – 28 January 1687) was a councillor ...

, Polish astronomer and politician (d. 1687) * 1622 –

Adrien Auzout Adrien Auzout ronounced in French somewhat like o-zoo(28 January 1622 – 23 May 1691) was a French astronomer. He was born in Rouen, France, the eldest child of a clerk in the court of Rouen. His educational background is unknown, although ...

, French astronomer and instrument maker (d. 1691) * 1693 –

Gregor Werner Gregor Joseph Werner (28 January 1693 – 3 March 1766) was an Austrian composer of the Baroque period, best known as the predecessor of Joseph Haydn as the ''Kapellmeister'' of the Hungarian Esterházy family. Few of Werner's works survive to the ...

, Austrian composer (d. 1766) * 1701 –

Charles Marie de La Condamine Charles Marie de La Condamine (28 January 1701 – 4 February 1774) was a French explorer, geographer, and mathematician. He spent ten years in territory which is now Ecuador, measuring the length of a degree of latitude at the equator and pre ...

, French mathematician and geographer (d. 1774) * 1706 – John Baskerville, English printer and typographer (d. 1775) * 1712 –

Tokugawa Ieshige Tokugawa Ieshige; 徳川家重 (January 28, 1712 – July 13, 1761) was the ninth ''shōgun'' of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan. The first son of Tokugawa Yoshimune, his mother was the daughter of Ōkubo Tadanao, known as Osuma no kata. ...

, Japanese shōgun (d. 1761) * 1717 – Mustafa III, Ottoman sultan (d. 1774) *

1719 Events January–March * January 8 – Carolean Death March begins: A catastrophic retreat by a largely-Finnish Swedish- Carolean army under the command of Carl Gustaf Armfeldt across the Tydal mountains in a blizzard kills around 3,7 ...

– Johann Elias Schlegel, German poet and critic (d. 1749) * 1726 – Christian Felix Weiße, German poet and playwright (d. 1802) *1755 – Samuel Thomas von Sömmerring, Polish-German physician, anthropologist, and paleontologist (d. 1830) *1784 – George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen, Scottish politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1860) *1797 – Charles Gray Round, English lawyer and politician (d. 1867) *1818 – George S. Boutwell, American lawyer and politician, 28th United States Secretary of the Treasury (d. 1905) *1822 – Alexander Mackenzie (politician), Alexander Mackenzie, Scottish-Canadian politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1892) *1833 – Charles George Gordon, English general and politician (d. 1885) *1853 – José Martí, Cuban journalist, poet, and theorist (d. 1895) * 1853 – Vladimir Solovyov (philosopher), Vladimir Solovyov, Russian philosopher, poet, and critic (d. 1900) * 1855 – William Seward Burroughs I, American businessman, founded the Burroughs Corporation (d. 1898) *1858 – Tannatt William Edgeworth David, Welsh-Australian geologist and explorer (d. 1934) *1861 – Julián Felipe, Filipino composer and educator (d. 1944) *1863 – Ernest William Christmas, Australian-American painter (d. 1918) *1864 – Charles W. Nash, American businessman, founded Nash Motors (d. 1948) *1865 – Lala Lajpat Rai, Indian author and politician (d. 1928) * 1865 – Kaarlo Juho Ståhlberg, Finnish lawyer, judge, and politician, 1st President of Finland (d. 1952) *1873 – Colette, French novelist and journalist (d. 1954) * 1873 – Monty Noble, Australian cricketer (d. 1940) *1874 – Alex Smith (golfer), Alex Smith, Scottish golfer (d. 1930) *1875 – Julián Carrillo, Mexican violinist, composer, and conductor (d. 1965) * 1878 – Walter Kollo, German composer and conductor (d. 1940) *1880 – Herbert Strudwick, English cricketer and coach (d. 1970) *1884 – Auguste Piccard, Swiss physicist and explorer (d. 1962) *1885 – Vahan Terian, Armenian poet and activist (d. 1920) *1886 – Marthe Bibesco, Romanian-French author and poet (d. 1973) * 1886 – Hidetsugu Yagi, Japanese engineer and academic (d. 1976) *1887 – Arthur Rubinstein, Polish-American pianist and educator (d. 1982) *1897 – Valentin Kataev, Russian author and playwright (d. 1986) *1900 – Alice Neel, American painter (d. 1984)

1901–present

*1903 – Aleksander Kamiński, Polish author and educator (d. 1978) * 1903 – Kathleen Lonsdale, Irish crystallographer and 1st female Royal Society, FRS (d. 1971) *1906 – Pat O'Callaghan, Irish athlete (d. 1991) * 1906 – Markos Vafiadis, Greek general and politician (d. 1992) * 1908 – Paul Misraki, Turkish-French composer and historian (d. 1998) * 1909 – John Thomson (footballer, born 1909), John Thomson, Scottish footballer (d. 1931) *1910 – John Banner, Austrian actor (d. 1973) *1911 – Johan van Hulst, Dutch politician, academic and author, Yad Vashem recipient (d. 2018) *1912 – Jackson Pollock, American painter (d. 1956) * 1918 – Harry Corbett, English puppeteer, actor, and screenwriter (d. 1989) * 1918 – Trevor Skeet, New Zealand-English lawyer and politician (d. 2004) * 1919 – Gabby Gabreski, American colonel and pilot (d. 2002) *1921 – Vytautas Norkus, Lithuanian–American basketball player (d. 2014) * 1922 – Anna Gordy Gaye, American songwriter and producer, co-founded Anna Records (d. 2014) * 1922 – Robert W. Holley, American biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1993) *1924 – Marcel Broodthaers, Belgian painter and poet (d. 1976) *1925 – Raja Ramanna, Indian physicist and politician (d. 2004) *1926 – Jimmy Bryan, American race car driver (d. 1960) *1927 – Per Oscarsson, Swedish actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2010) * 1927 – Ronnie Scott, English saxophonist (d. 1996) * 1927 – Hiroshi Teshigahara, Japanese director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2001) * 1927 – Vera Williams, American author and illustrator (d. 2015) *1929 – Acker Bilk, English singer and clarinet player (d. 2014) * 1929 – Nikolai Parshin, Russian footballer and manager (d. 2012) * 1929 – Claes Oldenburg, Swedish-American sculptor and illustrator (d. 2022) * 1929 – Edith M. Flanigen, American chemist *1930 – Kurt Biedenkopf, German academic and politician, 54th President of the German Bundesrat (d. 2021) * 1930 – Roy Clarke, English screenwriter, comedian and soldier * 1933 – Jack Hill, American director and screenwriter *1934 – Juan Manuel Bordeu, Argentinian race car driver (d. 1990) * 1935 – David Lodge (author), David Lodge, English author and critic *1936 – Alan Alda, American actor, director, and writer * 1936 – Ismail Kadare, Albanian novelist, poet, essayist, and playwright *1937 – Karel Čáslavský, Czech historian and television host (d. 2013) * 1938 – Tomas Lindahl, Swedish-English biologist and academic, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate * 1938 – Leonid Zhabotinsky, Ukrainian weightlifter and coach (d. 2016) *1939 – John M. Fabian, American colonel, pilot, and astronaut *1940 – Carlos Slim, Mexican businessman and philanthropist, founded Grupo Carso *1942 – Sjoukje Dijkstra, Dutch figure skater * 1942 – Erkki Pohjanheimo, Finnish director and producer *1943 – Dick Taylor, English guitarist and songwriter *1944 – Rosalía Mera, Spanish businesswoman, co-founded Inditex and Zara (retailer), Zara (d. 2013) * 1944 – John Tavener, English composer (d. 2013) * 1945 – Marthe Keller, Swiss actress and director *1947 – Jeanne Shaheen, American educator and politician, 78th Governor of New Hampshire *1948 – Ilkka Kanerva, Finnish politician (d. 2022) * 1948 – Bob Moses (musician), Bob Moses, American drummer * 1948 – Charles Taylor (Liberian politician), Charles Taylor, Liberian politician, 22nd President of Liberia *1949 – Mike Moore (New Zealand politician), Mike Moore, New Zealand union leader and politician, 34th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 2020) * 1949 – Jim Wong-Chu, Canadian poet (d.2017) * 1949 – Gregg Popovich, American basketball player and coach *1950 – Barbi Benton, American actress, singer and model * 1950 – Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, Bahraini king * 1950 – David C. Hilmers, American colonel, physician, and astronaut * 1950 – Naila Kabeer, Bangladeshi-English economist and academic *1951 – Brian Bilbray, American politician * 1951 – Leonid Kadeniuk, Ukrainian general, pilot, and astronaut (d. 2018) * 1951 – Billy Bass Nelson, American R&B/funk bass player *1952 – Richard Glatzer, American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2015) *1953 – Colin Campbell (ice hockey, born 1953), Colin Campbell, Canadian ice hockey player and coach *1954 – Peter Lampe, German theologian and historian * 1954 – Bruno Metsu, French footballer and manager (d. 2013) * 1954 – Rick Warren, American pastor and author *1955 – Vinod Khosla, Indian-American businessman, co-founded Sun Microsystems * 1955 – Nicolas Sarkozy, French lawyer and politician, 23rd President of France * 1956 – Richard Danielpour, American composer and educator * 1956 – Peter Schilling, German singer-songwriter *1957 – Mark Napier (ice hockey), Mark Napier, Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaster * 1957 – Nick Price, Zimbabwean-South African golfer * 1957 – Frank Skinner, English comedian, actor, and author *1959 – Frank Darabont, American director and producer * 1960 – Loren Legarda, Filipino journalist and politician *1961 – Normand Rochefort, Canadian ice hockey player and coach *1962 – Sam Phillips (musician), Sam Phillips, American singer-songwriter and guitarist * 1964 – David Lawrence (cricketer), David Lawrence, English cricketer *1966 – Seiji Mizushima, Japanese director and producer *1967 – Billy Brownless, Australian footballer and sportscaster *1968 – Sarah McLachlan, Canadian singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer * 1968 – Rakim, American rapper *1969 – Giorgio Lamberti, Italian swimmer * 1969 – Mo Rocca, American comedian and television journalist * 1969 – Linda Sánchez, American lawyer and politician *1972 – Amy Coney Barrett, American jurist, academic, attorney, and Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States * 1972 – Mark Regan, English rugby player * 1972 – Nicky Southall, English footballer and manager * 1972 – Léon van Bon, Dutch cyclist *1974 – Tony Delk, American basketball player and coach * 1974 – Jermaine Dye, American baseball player * 1974 – Ramsey Nasr, Dutch author and poet * 1974 – Magglio Ordóñez, Venezuelan baseball player and politician *1975 – Pedro Pinto (journalist), Pedro Pinto, Portuguese-American journalist * 1975 – Junior Spivey, American baseball player and coach *1976 – Sireli Bobo, Fijian rugby player * 1976 – Mark Madsen (basketball), Mark Madsen, American basketball player and coach * 1976 – Rick Ross, American rapper and producer * 1976 – Miltiadis Sapanis, Greek footballer * 1977 – Sandis Buškevics, Latvian basketball player and coach * 1977 – Daunte Culpepper, American football player * 1977 – Joey Fatone, American singer, dancer, and television personality * 1977 – Takuma Sato, Japanese race car driver *1978 – Gianluigi Buffon, Italian footballer * 1978 – Jamie Carragher, English footballer and sportscaster * 1978 – Papa Bouba Diop, Senegalese footballer (d. 2020) * 1978 – Sheamus, Irish wrestler * 1978 – Big Freedia, American musician * 1980 – Nick Carter (musician), Nick Carter, American singer-songwriter and actor * 1980 – Yasuhito Endō, Japanese footballer * 1980 – Michael Hastings (journalist), Michael Hastings, American journalist and author (d. 2013) * 1980 – Brian Fallon, American singer-songwriter * 1981 – Elijah Wood, American actor and producer * 1984 – Ben Clucas, English race car driver * 1984 – Stephen Gostkowski, American football player * 1984 – Andre Iguodala, American basketball player * 1984 – Anne Panter, English field hockey player * 1985 – J. Cole, American singer * 1985 – Daniel Carcillo, Canadian ice hockey player * 1985 – Lauris Dārziņš, Latvian ice hockey player * 1985 – Arnold Mvuemba, French footballer * 1985 – Libby Trickett, Australian swimmer * 1986 – Jessica Ennis-Hill, English heptathlete and hurdler * 1986 – Nathan Outteridge, Australian sailor * 1986 – Asad Shafiq, Pakistani cricketer * 1988 – Paul Henry (English footballer), Paul Henry, English footballer * 1988 – Seiya Sanada, Japanese wrestler *1989 – Siem de Jong, Dutch footballer *1991 – Carl Klingberg, Swedish ice hockey player *1992 – Sergio Araujo, Argentinian footballer *1994 – Zhu Lin (tennis), Lin Zhu, Chinese tennis player *1995 – Mimi-Isabella Cesar, British rhythmic gymnast

Deaths

Pre-1600

* 724 – Yazid II, Umayyad Caliphate, Umayyad caliph (b. 687) *

–

, Holy Roman Empire, Holy Roman emperor (pleurisy; b. 742) * 919 – Zhou Dewei, Chinese general * 929 – Gao Jixing, founder of Chinese Jingnan (b. 858) * 947 – Jing Yanguang, Chinese general (b. 892) *1061 – Spytihněv II, Duke of Bohemia (b. 1031) *1142 – Yue Fei, Chinese general (b. 1103) *1256 – William II of Holland, William II, Count of Holland, King of Germany (b. 1227) *1271 – Isabella of Aragon, Queen of France (b. 1247) *1290 – Dervorguilla of Galloway, Scottish noble, mother of king John Balliol of Scotland (b. c. 1210) *1443 – Robert le Maçon, French diplomat (b. 1365) *1501 – John Dynham, 1st Baron Dynham, English baron and Lord High Treasurer (b. 1433) * 1547 – Henry VIII, king of England (b. 1491)

1601–1900

*1613 – Thomas Bodley, English diplomat and scholar, founded the Bodleian Library (b. 1545) *1621 – Pope Paul V (b. 1550) *1666 – Tommaso Dingli, Maltese architect and sculptor (b. 1591) *1672 – Pierre Séguier, French politician, Lord Chancellor of France (b. 1588) *1681 – Richard Allestree, English priest and academic (b. 1619) *1687 –

, Polish astronomer and politician (b. 1611) *1688 – Ferdinand Verbiest, Flemish Jesuit missionary in China (b. 1623) *1697 – Sir John Fenwick, 3rd Baronet, English general and politician (b. 1645) * 1754 – Ludvig Holberg, Norwegian-Danish historian and philosopher (b. 1684) *1782 – Jean Baptiste Bourguignon d'Anville, French geographer and cartographer (b. 1697) *1832 – Augustin Daniel Belliard, French general (b. 1769) *1859 – F. J. Robinson, 1st Viscount Goderich, English politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1782) *1864 – Émile Clapeyron, French physicist and engineer (b. 1799) *1873 – John Hart (South Australian colonist), John Hart, English-Australian politician, 10th Premier of South Australia (b. 1809)

1901–present

*1903 – Augusta Holmès, French pianist and composer (b. 1847) *1912 – Gustave de Molinari, Belgian economist and theorist (b. 1819). * 1912 – Eloy Alfaro, former president of Ecuador (b. 1906) * 1918 – John McCrae, Canadian soldier, physician, and author (b. 1872) *1921 – Mustafa Suphi, Turkish journalist and politician (b. 1883) *1930 – Emmy Destinn, Czech soprano and poet (b. 1878) * 1935 – Mikhail Ippolitov-Ivanov, Russian composer and conductor (b. 1859) *1937 – Anastasios Metaxas, Greek architect and target shooter (b. 1862) * 1938 – Bernd Rosemeyer, German race car driver (b. 1909) *1939 – W. B. Yeats, Irish poet and playwright, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1865) *1942 – Edward Siegler, American gymnast and triathlete (b. 1881) * 1945 – Roza Shanina, Russian sergeant and sniper (b. 1924) *1947 – Reynaldo Hahn, Venezuelan-French composer, conductor, and critic (b. 1875) *1948 – Hans Aumeier, German SS officer (b. 1906) *1949 – Jean-Pierre Wimille, French race car driver (b. 1908) *1950 – Nikolai Luzin, Russian mathematician and academic (b. 1883) *1953 – James Scullin, Australian journalist and politician, 9th Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1876) * 1953 – Neyzen Tevfik, Turkish philosopher and poet (b. 1879) *1959 – Walter Beall, American baseball player (b. 1899) * 1960 – Zora Neale Hurston, American novelist, short story writer, and folklorist (b. 1891) *1963 – Gustave Garrigou, French cyclist (b. 1884) * 1965 – Tich Freeman, English cricketer (b. 1888) * 1965 – Maxime Weygand, Belgian-French general (b. 1867) *1971 – Donald Winnicott, English paediatrician and psychoanalyst (b. 1896) *1973 – John Banner, Austrian actor (b. 1910) *1976 – Marcel Broodthaers, Belgian painter and poet (b. 1924) *1978 – Ward Moore, American author (b. 1903) *1983 – Billy Fury. English pop star (b. 1940) * 1983 – Frank Forde, Australian educator and politician, 15th Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1890) * 1986 – Space Shuttle Challenger crew ** Gregory Jarvis, American captain, engineer, and astronaut (b. 1944) ** Christa McAuliffe, American educator and astronaut (b. 1948) ** Ronald McNair, American physicist and astronaut (b. 1950) ** Ellison Onizuka, American engineer and astronaut (b. 1946) ** Judith Resnik, American colonel, engineer, and astronaut (b. 1949) ** Dick Scobee, American colonel, pilot, and astronaut (b. 1939) ** Michael J. Smith (astronaut), Michael J. Smith, American captain, pilot, and astronaut (b. 1945) * 1988 – Klaus Fuchs, German physicist and politician (b. 1911) *1989 – Choekyi Gyaltsen, 10th Panchen Lama (b. 1938) *1993 – Helen Sawyer Hogg, Canadian astronomer and academic (b. 1905) *1996 – Joseph Brodsky, Russian-American poet and essayist, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1940) * 1996 – Burne Hogarth, American cartoonist and author (b. 1911) * 1996 – Jerry Siegel, American author and illustrator, co-created Superman (b. 1914) *1998 – Shotaro Ishinomori, Japanese author and illustrator (b. 1938) *1999 – Valery Gavrilin, Russian composer (b. 1939) *2001 – Ranko Marinković, Croatian author and playwright (b. 1913) * 2002 – Gustaaf Deloor, Belgian cyclist and soldier (b. 1913) * 2002 – Astrid Lindgren, Swedish author and screenwriter (b. 1907) * 2002 – Ayşe Nur Zarakolu, Turkish author and activist (b. 1946) *2003 – Mieke Pullen, Dutch runner (b. 1957) *2004 – Lloyd M. Bucher, American captain (b. 1927) *2005 – Jim Capaldi, English singer-songwriter and drummer (b. 1944) *2007 – Carlo Clerici, Swiss cyclist (b. 1929) * 2007 – Robert Drinan, American priest, lawyer, and politician (b. 1920) * 2007 – Yelena Romanova, Russian runner (b. 1963) * 2007 – Karel Svoboda (composer), Karel Svoboda, Czech composer (b. 1938) *2009 – Werner Flume, German jurist (b. 1908) * 2009 – Billy Powell, American keyboard player and songwriter (b. 1952) *2012 – Roman Juszkiewicz, Polish astronomer and astrophysicist (b. 1952) * 2012 – Don Starkell, Canadian adventurer and author (b. 1932) *2013 – Florentino Fernández (boxer), Florentino Fernández, Cuban-American boxer and coach (b. 1936) * 2013 – Hattie N. Harrison, American educator and politician (b. 1928) * 2013 – Oldřich Kulhánek, Czech painter, illustrator, and stage designer (b. 1940) *2014 – John Cacavas, American composer and conductor (b. 1930) * 2014 – Harry Gamble, American football player, coach, and manager (b. 1930) * 2014 – Dwight Gustafson, American composer and conductor (b. 1930) * 2014 – Nigel Jenkins, Welsh poet, journalist, and geographer (b. 1949) * 2014 – Jorge Obeid, Argentinian engineer and politician, Governor of Santa Fe (b. 1947) *2015 – Suraj Abdurrahman, Nigerian general, architect, and engineer (b. 1954) * 2015 – Yves Chauvin, French chemist and academic, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1930) * 2015 – Lionel Gilbert, Australian historian, author, and academic (b. 1924) *2016 – Signe Toly Anderson, American singer (b. 1941) * 2016 – Paul Kantner, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1941) * 2016 – Franklin Gene Bissell, American football player and coach (b. 1926) * 2016 – Buddy Cianci, American lawyer and politician, 32nd List of mayors of Providence, Rhode Island, Mayor of Providence (b. 1941) * 2016 – Bob Tizard, New Zealand lawyer and politician, 6th Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand (b. 1924) *2017 – Alexander Chancellor, British journalist (b. 1940) * 2017 – Geoff Nicholls, British musician (b. 1948) *2019 – Pepe Smith, Filipino rock musician (b. 1947) * 2021 – Cicely Tyson, American actress (b. 1924)

Holidays and observances

*Christian feast day: **Joseph Freinademetz **Julian of Cuenca **Thomas Aquinas **January 28 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics) *Army Day (Armenia) *Data Privacy Day

References

External links

BBC: On This Day
*
Historical Events on January 28
{{months Days of the year January